********** Face Tools ********** .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces` | Hotkey: :kbd:`Ctrl-F` These are tools that manipulate faces. Make Edge/Face ============== .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Make Edge/Face` | Hotkey: :kbd:`F` This will create an edge or some faces, depending on your selection. Also see :doc:`Creating Geometry `. .. list-table:: * - .. figure:: /images/fill1.png :width: 320px A closed perimeter of edges. - .. figure:: /images/fill2.png :width: 320px Filled using fill. .. _modeling-meshes-editing-fill: Fill ==== .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Fill/Beautify Fill` | Hotkey: :kbd:`Alt-F` The *Fill* option will create *triangular* faces from any group of selected edges or vertices, as long as they form one or more complete perimeters. .. figure:: /images/fill3.png :width: 300px Filled using fill. Note, unlike creating n-gons, fill supports holes. .. list-table:: * - .. figure:: /images/fill1_holes.png :width: 320px A closed perimeter of edges with holes. - .. figure:: /images/fill2_holes.png :width: 320px Filled using fill. Beauty Fill ----------- .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Fill/Beautify Fill` | Hotkey: :kbd:`Alt-Shift-F` *Beautify Fill* works only on selected existing faces. It rearrange selected triangles to obtain more "balanced" ones (i.e. less long thin triangles). Max Angle An angle delimiter option to limit edge rotation to flat surfaces. .. list-table:: * - .. figure:: /images/mesh_beauty_fill_before.png :width: 320px Text converted to a mesh. - .. figure:: /images/mesh_beauty_fill_after.png :width: 320px Result of Beauty Fill, :kbd:`Alt-Shift-F`. .. _modeling-meshes-editing-grid-fill: Grid Fill --------- .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Fill/Grid Fill` *Grid Fill* uses a pair of connected edge-loops or a single, closed edge-loop to fill in a grid that follows the surrounding geometry. Span ToDo Offset ToDo Simple Blending ToDo .. list-table:: * - .. figure:: /images/mesh_fill_grid_surface_before.png :width: 320px Input. - .. figure:: /images/mesh_fill_grid_surface_after.png :width: 320px Grid Fill Result. Solidify ======== .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Solidify` This takes a selection of faces and solidifies them by extruding them uniformly to give volume to a :term:`non-manifold` surface. This is also available as a :doc:`Modifier `. After using the tool, you can set the offset distance in the Operator Panel. Thickness Amount to offset the newly created surface. Positive values offset the surface inward relative to the normals direction. Negative values offset outward. .. list-table:: * - .. figure:: /images/solidify-before.png :width: 200px Mesh before solidify operation. - .. figure:: /images/solidify-after.png :width: 200px Solidify with a positive thickness. - .. figure:: /images/solidify-after2.png :width: 200px Solidify with a negative thickness. Intersect ========= Intersect (Knife) ----------------- .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Intersect (Knife)` The Intersect tool lets you cut intersections into geometry. It is a bit like Boolean Tool, but, does not calculate interior/exterior. Faces are split along the intersections, leaving new edges selected. Source Selected/Unselected Operate between the selected and unselected geometry. Self Intersect Operate on the overlapping geometry of the mesh. Separate Splits the geometry at the new edge. Merge Threshold ToDo. Intersect (Boolean) ------------------- .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Intersect (Boolean)` Performs boolean operations with the selection on the unselected geometry. While the :doc:`/modeling/modifiers/generate/booleans` is useful for non-destructive edits, access to booleans as an edit-mode tool can be useful to quickly perform edits. Boolean Difference, Union, Intersect Swap Changes the order of the operation. Merge Threshold ToDo. Wireframe ========= .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Wire frame` The wireframe tool makes a wireframe from faces by to turning edges into wireframe tubes, similar to the :doc:`/modeling/modifiers/generate/wireframe`. Poke Faces ========== .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Poke Faces` | Hotkey: :kbd:`Alt-P` This tool fan-fills each face around a central vertex. This can be useful as a way to triangulate n-gons, or the *Offset* can be used to make spikes or depressions. Poke Offset ToDo. Offset Relative ToDo. Poke Center Weighted Mean, Mean, Bounds Triangulate Faces ================= .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Triangulate Faces` | Hotkey: :kbd:`Ctrl-T` As its name intimates, this tool converts each selected quadrangle into two triangles. Remember that quads are just a set of two triangles. .. _mesh-faces-tristoquads: Triangles to Quads ================== .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Triangles to Quads` | Hotkey: :kbd:`Alt-J` This tool converts the selected triangles into quads by taking adjacent tris and removes the shared edge to create a quad, based on a threshold. This tool can be performed on a selection of multiple triangles. This same action can be done on a selection of two tris, by selecting them and using the shortcut :kbd:`F`, to create a face, or by selecting the shared edge and dissolving it with the shortcut :kbd:`X` :menuselection:`--> Dissolve`. To create a quad, this tool needs at least two adjacent triangles. If you have an even number of selected triangles, it is also possible not to obtain only quads. In fact, this tool tries to create "squarishest" quads as possible from the given triangles, which means some triangles could remain. .. list-table:: * - .. figure:: /images/fill5.png :width: 320px Before converting tris to quads. - .. figure:: /images/quadtotris.png :width: 320px After converting tris to quads. All the menu entries and hotkey use the settings defined in the *Mesh Tools* panel: Max Angle This values, between (0 to 180), controls the threshold for this tool to work on adjacent triangles. With a threshold of 0.0, it will only join adjacent triangles that form a perfect rectangle (i.e. right-angled triangles sharing their hypotenuses). Larger values are required for triangles with a shared edge that is small, relative to the size of the other edges of the triangles. Compare UVs When enabled, it will prevent union of triangles that are not also adjacent in the active UV map. Compare Vertex Color When enabled, it will prevent union of triangles that have no matching vertex color. Compare Sharp When enabled, it will prevent union of triangles that share a edge marked as sharp. Compare Materials When enabled, it will prevent union of triangles that do not have the same material assigned. Weld Edges into Faces ===================== .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Weld Edges into Faces` A Tool to split selected faces by loose wire edges. This can be used in a similar way to the knife tool, but the edges are manually setup first. Rotate Edges ============ .. admonition:: Reference :class: refbox | Mode: Edit Mode | Menu: :menuselection:`Mesh --> Faces --> Rotate Edge CW` This tool functions the same edge rotation in edge mode. It works on the shared edge between two faces and rotates that edge if the edge was selected. .. list-table:: * - .. figure:: /images/rotateedgefacemode1.png :width: 320px Two Faces Selected. - .. figure:: /images/rotateedgefacemode2.png :width: 320px Full Render. See :ref:`Rotate Edge ` for more information. Rotate & Reverse ================ Rotate UVs Todo. Reverse UVs Todo. Rotate Colors Todo. Reverse Colors Todo. Normals ------- See :ref:`Editing Normals ` for more information.